英語倒裝句的作用?1、倒裝句最突出、最常見的修辭效果就是強調;2、有時倒裝可把前一句說到的人或物,或與前一句有聯系的人或物在下一句緊接著先說出來,從而使前后兩句在意思上的關系更加清楚,銜接更加緊密,起到承上啟下的作用;3、在新聞或文學創作中,有時為了內容的需要,或是為了強調,那么,英語倒裝句的作用?一起來了解一下吧。
倒裝是一種語法手段,用以表示一定句子結構的需要和強調某一句子成分的需要,英語的最基本結構是主、謂結構,倒裝就是將這種比較固定的結構加以顛倒。
英語句子的倒裝一是由于語法結構的需要而進行的倒裝,二是由于修辭的需要而進行的倒裝。前一種情況,倒裝是必須的,否則就會出現語法錯誤,而后一種情況,倒裝是選擇性的,倒裝與否只會產生表達效果上的差異。倒裝的作用如下:
1、倒裝句最突出、最常見的修辭效果就是強調;
2、有時倒裝可把前一句說到的人或物,或與前一句有聯系的人或物在下一句緊接著先說出來,從而使前后兩句在意思上的關系更加清楚,銜接更加緊密,起到承上啟下的作用;
3、在新聞或文學創作中,有時為了內容的需要,或是為了強調,作者常常運用倒裝來制造懸念、渲染氣氛;
4、在語言使用中為了避免產生頭重腳輕、結構不平衡的句子,常采用倒裝語序。
一般有下面幾個作用:
1、區分語氣:如陳述句用降調的,而疑問句是升調,從而對話過程中容易知道對方說話的情緒;
2、特別強調:如only和否定詞引導的“部分倒裝”類句型,就是為了強調這個內容而特別把它放到最前面;
3、引起注意:其實也類似與強調,如here you are(給你,你看這,把你的注意力擱這來)和there be(在那里,有,存在)句型等等。
4、主語因為帶有太多前置的修飾性定語或后置的定語從句、同位語從句等內容而顯得超長時,為了避免半天沒把主語說完(讓對方聽了半天也抓不到主語中心詞)而故意把主謂或主謂賓對調。
5、其它原因:其它未列出或說不清原委的情況。
為了強調、突出等詞語的目的而顛倒原有語序的句式叫做倒裝句。在倒裝句中,顛倒了的成分可以恢復原位而句意基本不變,句法成分不變。
英語倒裝句的用法
倒裝句就是將正常的陳述語序加以變化,主要作用是強調被提前的部分,倒裝句可分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝兩種:
1、全部倒裝
謂語動詞提前至主語之前為全部倒裝。
2、部分倒裝
助動詞或情態動詞提至主語之前,謂語動詞位置不變,即為部分倒裝。
3、否定詞提前倒裝,否定詞用于句首時,句子應進行部分倒裝。
否定詞常用的有:
Not only…(but also),Not until(直到…..才),No sooner….(than)(一…..就),Never/ Rarely/Seldom,Hardly/Scarcely,Few/Little,Neither/Nor (也不),At no time,Under no circumstances(決不),On no account (決不),In no way,其中not only, no sooner, hardly, scarcely 分別和but (also), than, when搭配使用,需注意:后一組詞之后的部分不進行倒裝,只有否定詞之后的部分倒裝。
英語倒裝句型結構:完全倒裝句、部分倒裝句、一般疑問句倒裝、否定疑問句倒裝、情態動詞倒裝。
1、完全倒裝句
將助動詞或be動詞放在主語之前,用于強調語序。例如:Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
2、部分倒裝句
將助動詞或be動詞和主語中間的詞組交換位置,用于強調這個詞組。例如:At theend of the streetstands a beautiful church.
3、一般疑問句倒裝
將助動詞放在主語之前,用于詢問。例如:Do you like coffee?——Like you coffee?
4、否定疑問句倒裝
將助動詞和not連用放在主語之前,用于詢問帶有否定意義的問題。例如:You don't like coffee,do you?——Like you coffee or not?
5、情態動詞倒裝
將情態動詞放在主語之前,用于強調語氣。例如:You must study hard.——Must you study hard?
倒裝句就是將正常的陳述語序加以變化,主要作用是強調被提前的部分
倒裝句可分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝兩種:
一?、全部倒裝
謂語動詞提前至主語之前為全部倒裝,如:
Out came his guest.
On the hill stood a little cottage that contained heaps of hay.
There lived an elderly lady whose husband died long ago.
二、部分倒裝
助動詞或情態動詞提至主語之前,謂語動詞位置不變,即為部分倒裝,如:
Neither could he see through your plan.
So little did I know about him that I was easily taken in by his words.
Doesn't her invitation appeal to you?
第一節 否定詞提前倒裝
否定詞用于句首時,句子應進行部分倒裝
否定詞常用的有:
Not only…(but also), Not until(直到…..才),
No sooner….(than)(一…..就) Never/ Rarely/Seldom
Hardly/Scarcely… (when) Few/Little
Neither/Nor (也不) Nwhere
At no timeUnder no circumstances(決不)
On no account (決不)In no way
其中not only, no sooner, hardly, scarcely 分別和but (also), than, when搭配使用,需注意:后一組詞之后的部分不進行倒裝,只有否定詞之后的部分倒裝
如:Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.
Not only was he able to enter the final round of the contest, but he came out first as well.
No sooner had I got any chance to speak than the clerk slammed the door in my face.
Seldom does he travel about.
Under no circumstances should you betray your own country.
此類倒裝句一般出現在填空題中,需填入的是倒裝部分,只要在句首見到上述的詞,就應條件反射的想到用倒裝句
例題:
(1)
---- was the first fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
(A) Not until 1866
(B) Until 1866, just
(C) Until 1866
(D) In 1866, not until
答案:A
解釋:由被動式was laid被名詞短語分割開可知, 此句是個部分倒裝句, 選項中只有A否定詞提前可引導倒裝句, 1866應是until的賓語, 故D不對; 此句正常語序應為: The first fully successful transatlantic cable was not finally laid until 1866.
(2)
Not until 1931 ---- the official anthem of the United States.
(A) “The Star-spangled Banner” did become
(B) when “The Star-spangled Banner” became
(C) did “The Star-spangled Banner” become
(D) became “The Star-spangled Banner”
答案:C
解釋:否定詞not放在句首引起部分倒裝,只有C符合倒裝語序
第二節 介詞、分詞詞組提前倒裝
當句子沒有賓語,且主語偏長時,往往將句中作狀語的介詞短語或作表語的形容詞短語或作表語的分詞短語提至句首,引起主謂的全部倒裝
如:In the middle of the river floated the cluster of plants that she had cast.
Characteristic of an anarchist was her strong opposition to the government, which she had blamed for all the social injustices.
Lying on the grassland is a pretty girl in her early twenties.
例題:
(1)
Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent ----, or pronghorn.
(A) it is the American antelope
(B) the American antelope is
(C) is the American antelope
(D) the American antelope
答案:C
解釋:此句為形容詞短語be typical of作表語前置引起的完全倒裝句, 空白處缺少的實為倒裝的主語和謂語動詞, A B未倒裝, 可首先排除; D無動詞, 也可排除. 此句正常語序應為: The American antelope, or pronghorn, is typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent.
(2)
The glaciers that reached the Pacific Coast were valley glaciers, and between those tongues of ice ----that allowed the original forests to survive.
(A) that many sanctuaries were
(B) were many sanctuaries
(C) were there many sanctuaries
(D) there the many sanctuaries
答案:B
解釋:and是并列句的連接詞,逗號前是分句一,and后是分句二. 因分句二中between引導的介詞短語提前,空格處需要分句二倒裝的主謂語,D無謂語,可先排除;A使原句只有從句無主句; C中there是多余的,只能選B
第三節 副詞提前倒裝
副詞提至句首引起倒裝,可分以下幾種情況:
1. only + 副詞(when, before, if, after等)
或only+介詞狀語(由in, under, by, on, after等引導)提前,必須部分倒裝
如:Only then did he realize how stupid he had been.
Only after entering the store did Arthur realize that there was danger.
Only in the library can she concentrate on her study.
2. often, such, so等副詞提前,部分倒裝
如: So diligently did he work that he got hight scores on the final exam.
=He worked so diligently that he got hight scores on the final exam.
Such was his wish that the world would stay away from war forever.
Often did we go on a holiday in hot summer.
注意,so的另一種倒裝是表示“也…”
California relies heavily on income from crops, and so does Florida.
加利福尼亞過多的依賴于來自農作物的收入,佛羅里達也是這樣
同理,體會一下neither, nor的倒裝
He can't dance, neither/nor can I.= I can't, either.
他不會跳舞,我也不會。
以上就是英語倒裝句的作用的全部內容,1、完全倒裝句 將助動詞或be動詞放在主語之前,用于強調語序。例如:Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.2、部分倒裝句 將助動詞或be動詞和主語中間的詞組交換位置,用于強調這個詞組。例如:At theend of the streetstands a beautiful church.3、一般疑問句倒裝 將助動詞放在主語之前。